什幺时候用to+动词,什幺时候用动词字尾加ing?

每月的视觉造句专栏,是从眼到口,从看懂逻辑到熟练说出口的过程,抓住讯息组合的逻辑,英文就能从单字到句子、从句子到段落,一直讲下去。
常看到一句话里会有两个动作,像是:
I want to have breakfast.
我想吃早餐。
I went swimming.
我去游泳了。
问题来了,什幺时候用to+动词,什幺时候用动词字尾加ing?

这里不用硬记「名词、形容词、副词」,只需要感觉to V的「企图性」、了解句子的构成。后面会有更多练习。

to sing
To sing on the stage is my goal.(在那个舞台上唱歌是我的目标。)
或
It is my goal to sing on that stage.
to play
Wilson wants to play video games.(威尔森想打电动。)
not to stay
否定的时候,not放在to V之前
I chose not to stay with my family.(我选择不和家人住。)
not to tell
Annie asked me not to tell anyone.(安妮要我不要告诉任何人。)
to understand
It is hard to understand his words.(要听懂他的意思很难。)
扮演形容词:修饰句子里面的名词to do
I have something to do now.(我现在有事要做。)
to pay
You have another bill to pay.(你还有一张帐单要付。)
to start
I just don’t have the motivation to start reading.(我就是没有开始看书的动机。)
我们提到过,to + V的用法往往透露一种企图或对未来的打算,也因此经常出现在这些名词之后:Ability(能力)、attempt(企图)、decision(决定)、determination(决心)、promise(承诺)、permission(许可)、privilege(特权)、right(权利)。
试着自己造出句子,不确定对不对,写讯息给我们:ask@eisland.com.tw。
不定词扮演副词:修饰句子里的动词to see
She came to see you.(她来看你。)
to get
I work so hard to get good grades.(我为了得到好成绩非常用功。)
to buy
We stopped to buy some snacks.(我们停下来买些点心。)
表达建议:这时候会省略to,直接接原形动词(to) rest
You'd better rest a bit.(你最好休息一下。)
not (to) go
You'd better not go there alone.(你最好不要一个人去那裏。)
预定/温和要求:be动词 + to V,出现在比较正式的沟通里to be held
The meeting is to be held next week.(会议预定于下周举办。)
会议是「被举办」,所以用被动式
to be avoided
Such mistakes are to be avoided.(这样的错误应该避免。)
V-ing 表达事情状态dancing
Dancing is fun and good for your health.(跳舞好玩又有益健康。)
watching TV series
I enjoy watching TV series.(我很喜欢看影集。)
smoking
You should quit smoking as early as possible.(你应该尽早戒菸。)
hearing
I am used to hearing that.(我很习惯听到人家这幺说。)
moving
I am excited about moving to a new city.(我很兴奋要搬到一个新城市。)
leaving
Andy is sad about her leaving.(Andy对她的离去感到伤心。)
leaving名词化了,把she改成所有格her+名词 leaving文法才正确。